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The Central New York Fly Fisher
Fly fishing techniques, flies, and hot spots.  
Your Fly Fishing Resource for CNY and the Mohawk Valley  

West Canada Winter Browns
By Matt Chapple

A few years ago a section of the West Canada Creek opened all year to anglers willing to brave the cold weather in hopes of hooking up with some wintertime brown trout. Yes, the winter steelhead fishery in Central New York is well known, but the idea of landing a trophy stream brown in the winter is very new.  There is something about fly fishing in the winter that brings a feeling of adventure to a fly fishing excursion, especially fishing during a snow storm. Now we have stream browns as well as steelhead on the list of potential winter adventures.

Snapped a picture of this brown on the snowbank before release.
It is easy to succumb to the idea that Brown Trout will not feed very much throughout the winter. Yes they are cold-blooded creatures and metabolism is directly correlated to water temperatures, but they must feed throughout the winter to stay alive and if you happen to catch them while feeding you can experience some great fly-fishing. 

Flies

The West Canada Creek has an abundance of stoneflies in various stages of development, which creates various sizes. Small black stoneflies appear along the banks on the snow in March or a wintertime thaw. There are also some very large nymphs in the water, so larger imitations are also effective.  The releases from the dam throughout the winter and spring dislodge some insects and stoneflies typically hatch when the sun is bright, but an old-timer once told me that stonies, as he called them, will also migrate on overcast days. This helped explain why fishing in the winter on a sunny day on the West Canada is not nearly as productive as an overcast day or in the midst of a storm front. Stoneflies imitations in black sizes 4-16 are productive here. Other effective patterns are Black, dark olive or Grizzly woolly buggers and small black leaches or Zonkers around a size 10.  Also, caddis larvae in green or olive can be effective.

Black Stonefly

Hook: Mustad 9671
Thread: Black 6/0
Tail: Brown Goose Biots (split)
Rib: Black Vinyl Rib
Abdomen and Thorax: Black Angora Goat
Wing Case: Wild Turkey Tail
Collar: Black Saddle

This pattern is a steelhead pattern and surprisingly, has worked for West Canada Browns too.

Krystal Stone

Hook: Mustad 9671
Thread:
Black 6/0
Tail
: Black Goose Biots (split)
Rib
: Copper Wire
Abdomen
: Black Flashabou Dubbing (Hare’s Ear, Squirrel)
Thorax
: Black Eztaz
Wing Case:
Dyed Black Turkey Quill

Techniques
Snapped a picture of this brown on the snowbank before release.
The water is often flowing around 900 cubic feet per second during the winter months.  When the water is high fish the pools deep and slow. Dead drifting a stonefly imitation is productive, but also try swinging the fly after it has completed the dead drift. You may be surprised how hard these browns will hit a swinging fly. If the water is low fish the faster water. The browns will move up into the head of a pool to feed during low water periods. A nine-foot rod is best for winter nymph fishing with a floating line, 8-10 foot leader and 4-6 pound tippet. A cluster of small split shot (3 or 4) attached to a tag left where a 2 to 3 foot tippet is connected, will get the fly down in the swift current.

For a fun winter fly-fishing adventure try fishing some stoneflies on the year round fishery on the West Canada Creek.

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